Target balancing involves bringing the balances of sub-accounts to a predetermined level by offsetting amounts above and below the predetermined target.
In other words, any credit balance in a subordinate account is transferred to the collecting account and any debit balance is offset from the collecting account.
The financial result for the accounts taken as a whole is better, given that the margin between the debit interest and the credit interest is cancelled out on the cleared balances.
The cost of pooling the balances of all the sub-accounts is usually lower than the total of the costs of all the separate, single transfers.
Offsetting debit balances reduces the level of indebtedness recorded in the group's balance sheet.
Management is simplified:
- clearer net balance,
- computerisation of numerous individual transfers, which saves time
- computerised reporting giving details of all target balancing transfers individually.
However, the disadvantage of target balancing is the cost of managing the cash pooling process:
- booking all inter-company entries
- calculating and booking the interest on inter-company loans generated by target balancing.
This also means that it is recommended for the company to have a suitable liquidity management software program.
Finally, target balancing reduces the autonomy of sub-account management, which is not the case with notional pooling.